CoMaps

CoMaps are key-value objects that work like JavaScript objects. You can access properties with dot notation and define typed fields that provide TypeScript safety. They're ideal for structured data that needs type validation.

Creating CoMaps

CoMaps are typically defined with co.map() and specifying primitive fields using z (see Defining schemas: CoValues for more details on primitive fields):

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}>(shape: {
    ...;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">status: import zz.
literal<readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"]>(value: readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed"> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(["planning", "active", "completed"]),
  
coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
coordinator: import coco.
optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>(schema: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>): co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
export optional
optional(
const Member: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Member),
});
export type 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | null | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project = import coco.
type loaded<T extends CoValueClassOrSchema, R extends ResolveQuery<T> = true> = R extends boolean | undefined ? NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>> : [NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>>] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? R extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean ...
export loaded
loaded<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>;
export type 
type ProjectInitShape = {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
    status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    coordinator?: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | {
        name: string;
    } | undefined;
}
ProjectInitShape = import coco.
type input<S extends CoValueClass | AnyZodOrCoValueSchema> = S extends CoreCoValueSchema ? Exclude<CoFieldSchemaInit<S>, NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<S>>> : CoFieldSchemaInit<...>
export input
The convenience type for extracting the init type of a CoValue schema.
input<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>; // type accepted by `Project.create`

You can create either struct-like CoMaps with fixed fields (as above) or record-like CoMaps for key-value pairs:

const const Inventory: co.Record<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber>Inventory = import coco.
record<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber>(_keyType: z.z.ZodString, valueType: z.z.ZodNumber): co.Record<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber>
export record
record(import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(), import zz.
function number(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodNumberParams): z.z.ZodNumber
export number
number());

To instantiate a CoMap:

const 
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; coordinator: CoOptionalSchema<CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
    status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    coordinator?: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | {
        name: string;
    } | undefined;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  name: stringname: "Spring Planting",
  startDate: DatestartDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-03-15"),
  status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"status: "planning",
});

const const inventory: CoRecordInstanceShape<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber> & CoMapinventory = const Inventory: co.Record<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber>Inventory.
CoRecordSchema<ZodString, ZodNumber>.create(init: {
    [x: string]: number;
}, options?: {
    owner: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): CoRecordInstanceShape<...> & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  tomatoes: numbertomatoes: 48,
  basil: numberbasil: 12,
});

Ownership

When creating CoMaps, you can specify ownership to control access:

// Create with default owner (current user)
const 
const privateProject: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
privateProject = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; coordinator: CoOptionalSchema<CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
    status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    coordinator?: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | {
        name: string;
    } | undefined;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  name: stringname: "My Herb Garden",
  startDate: DatestartDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-04-01"),
  status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"status: "planning",
});

// Create with shared ownership
const const gardenGroup: GroupgardenGroup = class Group
@categoryIdentity & Permissions
Group.
Group.create<Group>(this: CoValueClass<Group>, options?: {
    owner: Account;
} | Account): Group
create();
const gardenGroup: GroupgardenGroup.Group.addMember(member: Account, role: AccountRole): void (+3 overloads)addMember(
const memberAccount: Account | ({
    readonly [x: string]: any;
} & Account)
memberAccount, "writer");

const 
const communityProject: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
communityProject = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; coordinator: CoOptionalSchema<CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
    status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    coordinator?: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | {
        name: string;
    } | undefined;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create(
  {
    name: stringname: "Community Vegetable Plot",
    startDate: DatestartDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-03-20"),
    status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"status: "planning",
  },
  { owner?: Group | undefinedowner: const gardenGroup: GroupgardenGroup },
);

See Groups as permission scopes for more information on how to use groups to control access to CoMaps.

Reading from CoMaps

CoMaps can be accessed using familiar JavaScript object notation:

var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.name: stringname);      // "Spring Planting"
var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"status);    // "planning"

Handling Optional Fields

Optional fields require checks before access:

if (
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
coordinator: ({
    readonly name: string;
} & CoMap) | undefined
coordinator) {
  var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
coordinator: {
    readonly name: string;
} & CoMap
coordinator.name: stringname);  // Safe access
}

Recursive references

You can wrap references in getters. This allows you to defer evaluation until the property is accessed. This technique is particularly useful for defining circular references, including recursive (self-referencing) schemas, or mutually recursive schemas.

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}>(shape: {
    ...;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">status: import zz.
literal<readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"]>(value: readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed"> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(["planning", "active", "completed"]),
  
coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
coordinator: import coco.
optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>(schema: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>): co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
export optional
optional(
const Member: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Member),
  get 
subProject: co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
subProject() {
    return 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; coordinator: CoOptionalSchema<CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>>; readonly subProject: CoOptionalSchema<...>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.optional(): co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
optional();
  }
});
export type 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | null | undefined;
    readonly subProject: (... & CoMap) | ... 1 more ... | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project = import coco.
type loaded<T extends CoValueClassOrSchema, R extends ResolveQuery<T> = true> = R extends boolean | undefined ? NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>> : [NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>>] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? R extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean ...
export loaded
loaded<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProject: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>;

When the recursive references involve more complex types, it is sometimes required to specify the getter return type:

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}>(shape: {
    ...;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">status: import zz.
literal<readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"]>(value: readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed"> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(["planning", "active", "completed"]),
  
coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
coordinator: import coco.
optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>(schema: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>): co.Optional<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>
export optional
optional(
const Member: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Member),
  get 
subProjects: co.Optional<co.List<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>>
subProjects(): import coco.
class Optional<Shape extends CoreCoValueSchema = CoreCoValueSchema>
export Optional
Optional<import coco.
class List<T extends AnyZodOrCoValueSchema>
export List
List<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>> {
    return import coco.
optional<co.List<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>>(schema: co.List<...>): co.Optional<...>
export optional
optional(import coco.
list<co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>>(element: co.Map<...>): co.List<...>
export list
list(
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project));
  }
});
export type 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | null | undefined;
    readonly subProjects: CoList<...> | ... 1 more ... | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project = import coco.
type loaded<T extends CoValueClassOrSchema, R extends ResolveQuery<T> = true> = R extends boolean | undefined ? NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>> : [NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>>] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? R extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean ...
export loaded
loaded<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
    coordinator: co.Optional<co.Map<{
        name: z.z.ZodString;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>>;
    readonly subProjects: co.Optional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>;

Partial

For convenience Jazz provies a dedicated API for making all the properties of a CoMap optional:

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}>(shape: {
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<...>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">status: import zz.
literal<readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"]>(value: readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed"> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(["planning", "active", "completed"]),
});

const 
const ProjectDraft: co.Map<{
    name: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodString>;
    startDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
    status: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
ProjectDraft = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; }, unknown, Account | Group>.partial<"name" | "startDate" | "status">(keys?: {
    name: true;
    startDate: true;
    status: true;
} | undefined): co.Map<{
    name: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodString>;
    startDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
    status: z.ZodOptional<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Creates a new CoMap schema by making all fields optional.
@returnsA new CoMap schema with all fields optional.
partial();

// The fields are all optional now
const 
const project: {
    readonly name: string | undefined;
    readonly startDate: Date | undefined;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed" | undefined;
} & CoMap
project = 
const ProjectDraft: co.Map<{
    name: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodString>;
    startDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
    status: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
ProjectDraft.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodOptional<ZodString>; startDate: ZodOptional<ZodDate>; status: ZodOptional<ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name?: string | undefined;
    startDate?: Date | undefined;
    status?: "planning" | "active" | "completed" | undefined;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({});

Pick

You can also pick specific fields from a CoMap:

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}>(shape: {
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<...>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">status: import zz.
literal<readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"]>(value: readonly ["planning", "active", "completed"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed"> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(["planning", "active", "completed"]),
});

const 
const ProjectStep1: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
ProjectStep1 = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    status: z.z.ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; status: ZodLiteral<"planning" | "active" | "completed">; }, unknown, Account | Group>.pick<"name" | "startDate">(keys: {
    name: true;
    startDate: true;
}): co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Creates a new CoMap schema by picking the specified keys from the original schema.
@paramkeys - The keys to pick from the original schema.@returnsA new CoMap schema with the picked keys.
pick({
  name: truename: true,
  startDate: truestartDate: true,
});

// We don't provide the status field
const 
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
} & CoMap
project = 
const ProjectStep1: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
ProjectStep1.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  name: stringname: "My project",
  startDate: DatestartDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-04-01"),
});

Working with Record CoMaps

For record-type CoMaps, you can access values using bracket notation:

const const inventory: CoRecordInstanceShape<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber> & CoMapinventory = const Inventory: co.Record<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber>Inventory.
CoRecordSchema<ZodString, ZodNumber>.create(init: {
    [x: string]: number;
}, options?: {
    owner: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): CoRecordInstanceShape<...> & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  tomatoes: numbertomatoes: 48,
  peppers: numberpeppers: 24,
  basil: numberbasil: 12
});

var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(const inventory: CoRecordInstanceShape<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber> & CoMapinventory["tomatoes"]);  // 48

Updating CoMaps

To update a CoMap's properties, use the $jazz.set method:

const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"; readonly coordinator: ({ readonly name: string; } & CoMap) | undefined; } & CoMap>.set<"name">(key: "name", value: string): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("name", "Spring Vegetable Garden");    // Update name

const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"; readonly coordinator: ({ readonly name: string; } & CoMap) | undefined; } & CoMap>.set<"startDate">(key: "startDate", value: Date): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("startDate", new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-03-20"));  // Update date

The $jazz namespace is available on all CoValues, and provides access to methods to modify and load CoValues, as well as access common properties like id and owner.

When updating references to other CoValues, you can provide both the new CoValue or a JSON object from which the new CoValue will be created.

const 
const Dog: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Dog = import coco.
map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}>(shape: {
    name: co.PlainText;
}): co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
export map
map({
  name: co.PlainTextname: import coco.
function plainText(): co.PlainText
export plainText
plainText(),
});
const 
const Person: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
    dog: co.Map<{
        name: co.PlainText;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Person = import coco.
map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
    dog: co.Map<{
        name: co.PlainText;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>;
}>(shape: {
    name: co.PlainText;
    dog: co.Map<{
        name: co.PlainText;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: co.PlainTextname: import coco.
function plainText(): co.PlainText
export plainText
plainText(),
  
dog: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
dog: 
const Dog: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Dog,
})

const 
const person: {
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
    readonly dog: {
        readonly name: CoPlainText;
    } & CoMap;
} & CoMap
person = 
const Person: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
    dog: co.Map<{
        name: co.PlainText;
    }, unknown, Account | Group>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Person.
CoMapSchema<{ name: PlainTextSchema; dog: CoMapSchema<{ name: PlainTextSchema; }, unknown, Account | Group>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string | CoPlainText;
    dog: ({
        readonly name: CoPlainText | null;
    } & CoMap) | {
        name: string | CoPlainText;
    };
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  name: string | CoPlainTextname: "John",
  
dog: ({
    readonly name: CoPlainText | null;
} & CoMap) | {
    name: string | CoPlainText;
}
dog: { name: stringname: "Rex" },
});

// Update the dog field using a CoValue

const person: {
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
    readonly dog: {
        readonly name: CoPlainText;
    } & CoMap;
} & CoMap
person.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
    readonly dog: {
        readonly name: CoPlainText;
    } & CoMap;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.
CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: CoPlainText; readonly dog: { readonly name: CoPlainText; } & CoMap; } & CoMap>.set<"dog">(key: "dog", value: ({
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
} & CoMap) | CoMapInit<{
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
} & CoMap>): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set('dog', 
const Dog: co.Map<{
    name: co.PlainText;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Dog.
CoMapSchema<{ name: PlainTextSchema; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string | CoPlainText;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({ name: string | CoPlainTextname: import coco.
function plainText(): co.PlainText
export plainText
plainText().
PlainTextSchema.create(text: string, options?: {
    owner: Group;
} | Group): CoPlainText (+1 overload)
create("Fido") }));
// Or use a plain JSON object

const person: {
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
    readonly dog: {
        readonly name: CoPlainText;
    } & CoMap;
} & CoMap
person.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
    readonly dog: {
        readonly name: CoPlainText;
    } & CoMap;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.
CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: CoPlainText; readonly dog: { readonly name: CoPlainText; } & CoMap; } & CoMap>.set<"dog">(key: "dog", value: ({
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
} & CoMap) | CoMapInit<{
    readonly name: CoPlainText;
} & CoMap>): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("dog", { name: stringname: "Fido" });

When providing a JSON object, Jazz will automatically create the CoValues for you. To learn more about how permissions work in this case, refer to Ownership on implicit CoValue creation.

Type Safety

CoMaps are fully typed in TypeScript, giving you autocomplete and error checking:

const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"; readonly coordinator: ({ readonly name: string; } & CoMap) | undefined; } & CoMap>.set<"name">(key: "name", value: string): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("name", "Spring Vegetable Planting");  // ✓ Valid string

const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"; readonly coordinator: ({ readonly name: string; } & CoMap) | undefined; } & CoMap>.set<"startDate">(key: "startDate", value: Date): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("startDate", "2025-03-15"); // ✗ Type error: expected Date
Argument of type 'string' is not assignable to parameter of type 'Date'.

Soft Deletion

Implementing a soft deletion pattern by using a deleted flag allows you to maintain data for potential recovery and auditing.

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    deleted: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    deleted: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>;
}>(shape: {
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    deleted: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>;
}): co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    deleted: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  deleted: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>deleted: import zz.
optional<z.z.ZodBoolean>(innerType: z.z.ZodBoolean): z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodBoolean>
export optional
optional(import zz.
function boolean(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodBooleanParams): z.z.ZodBoolean
export boolean
boolean()),
});

When an object needs to be "deleted", instead of removing it from the system, the deleted flag is set to true. This gives us a property to omit it in the future.

Deleting Properties

You can delete properties from CoMaps:

const inventory: CoRecordInstanceShape<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber> & CoMapinventory.CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<CoRecordInstanceShape<z.z.ZodString, z.z.ZodNumber> & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<CoRecordInstanceShape<ZodString, ZodNumber> & CoMap>.delete(key: string): void
Delete a value from a CoMap.

For record-like CoMaps (created with `co.record`), any string key can be deleted.
For struct-like CoMaps (created with `co.map`), only optional properties can be deleted.
@paramkey The key to delete@categoryContent
delete("basil");  // Remove a key-value pair

// For optional fields in struct-like CoMaps

const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed";
    readonly coordinator: ({
        readonly name: string;
    } & CoMap) | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.
CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly status: "planning" | "active" | "completed"; readonly coordinator: ({ readonly name: string; } & CoMap) | undefined; } & CoMap>.set<"coordinator">(key: "coordinator", value: ({
    readonly name: string;
} & CoMap) | CoMapInit<{
    readonly name: string;
} & CoMap> | undefined): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("coordinator", var undefinedundefined);  // Remove the reference

Running migrations on CoMaps

Migrations are functions that run when a CoMap is loaded, allowing you to update existing data to match new schema versions. Use them when you need to modify the structure of CoMaps that already exist in your app. Unlike Account migrations, CoMap migrations are not run when a CoMap is created.

Note: Migrations are run synchronously and cannot be run asynchronously.

Here's an example of a migration that adds the priority field to the Task CoMap:

const 
const Task: co.Map<{
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: co.PlainText;
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1 | 2>;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Task = import coco
  .
map<{
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: co.PlainText;
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1 | 2>;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}>(shape: {
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: co.PlainText;
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<...>;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<...>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
    done: z.z.ZodBooleandone: import zz.
function boolean(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodBooleanParams): z.z.ZodBoolean
export boolean
boolean(),
    text: co.PlainTexttext: import coco.
function plainText(): co.PlainText
export plainText
plainText(),
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1 | 2>version: import zz.
literal<readonly [1, 2]>(value: readonly [1, 2], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<1 | 2> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal([1, 2]),
    
priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
    low: "low";
    medium: "medium";
    high: "high";
}>
priority: import zz.
enum<readonly ["low", "medium", "high"]>(values: readonly ["low", "medium", "high"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodEnumParams): z.z.ZodEnum<{
    low: "low";
    medium: "medium";
    high: "high";
}> (+1 overload)
export enum
enum(["low", "medium", "high"]), // new field
  })
  .
CoMapSchema<{ done: ZodBoolean; text: PlainTextSchema; version: ZodLiteral<1 | 2>; priority: ZodEnum<{ low: "low"; medium: "medium"; high: "high"; }>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.withMigration(migration: (value: {
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap) => undefined): co.Map<...>
withMigration((
task: {
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task) => {
    if (
task: {
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.version: 1 | 2version === 1) {
      
task: {
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly done: boolean; readonly text: CoPlainText | null; readonly version: 1 | 2; readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high"; } & CoMap>.set<"priority">(key: "priority", value: "low" | "medium" | "high"): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("priority", "medium");
      // Upgrade the version so the migration won't run again
      
task: {
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: CoPlainText | null;
    readonly version: 1 | 2;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly done: boolean; readonly text: CoPlainText | null; readonly version: 1 | 2; readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high"; } & CoMap>.set<"version">(key: "version", value: 1 | 2): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("version", 2);
    }
  });

Migration best practices

Design your schema changes to be compatible with existing data:

  • Add, don't change: Only add new fields; avoid renaming or changing types of existing fields
  • Make new fields optional: This prevents errors when loading older data
  • Use version fields: Track schema versions to run migrations only when needed

Migration & reader permissions

Migrations need write access to modify CoMaps. If some users only have read permissions, they can't run migrations on those CoMaps.

Forward-compatible schemas (where new fields are optional) handle this gracefully - users can still use the app even if migrations haven't run.

Non-compatible changes require handling both schema versions in your app code using discriminated unions.

When you can't guarantee all users can run migrations, handle multiple schema versions explicitly:

const 
const TaskV1: co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
TaskV1 = import coco.
map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}>(shape: {
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}): co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
export map
map({
  version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>version: import zz.
literal<1>(value: 1, params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<1> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(1),
  done: z.z.ZodBooleandone: import zz.
function boolean(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodBooleanParams): z.z.ZodBoolean
export boolean
boolean(),
  text: z.z.ZodStringtext: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
});

const 
const TaskV2: co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
TaskV2 = import coco.
map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}>(shape: {
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<...>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  // We need to be more strict about the version to make the
  // discriminated union work
  version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>version: import zz.
literal<2>(value: 2, params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodLiteralParams): z.z.ZodLiteral<2> (+1 overload)
export literal
literal(2),
  done: z.z.ZodBooleandone: import zz.
function boolean(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodBooleanParams): z.z.ZodBoolean
export boolean
boolean(),
  text: z.z.ZodStringtext: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  
priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
    low: "low";
    medium: "medium";
    high: "high";
}>
priority: import zz.
enum<readonly ["low", "medium", "high"]>(values: readonly ["low", "medium", "high"], params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodEnumParams): z.z.ZodEnum<{
    low: "low";
    medium: "medium";
    high: "high";
}> (+1 overload)
export enum
enum(["low", "medium", "high"]),
}).
CoMapSchema<{ version: ZodLiteral<2>; done: ZodBoolean; text: ZodString; priority: ZodEnum<{ low: "low"; medium: "medium"; high: "high"; }>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.withMigration(migration: (value: {
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap) => undefined): co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<...>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
withMigration((
task: {
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task) => {
  // @ts-expect-error - check if we need to run the migration
  if (
task: {
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.version: 2version === 1) {
    
task: {
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly version: 2; readonly done: boolean; readonly text: string; readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high"; } & CoMap>.set<"version">(key: "version", value: 2): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("version", 2);
    
task: {
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap
task.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly version: 2; readonly done: boolean; readonly text: string; readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high"; } & CoMap>.set<"priority">(key: "priority", value: "low" | "medium" | "high"): void
Set a value on the CoMap
@paramkey The key to set@paramvalue The value to set@categoryContent
set("priority", "medium");
  }
});

// Export the discriminated union; because some users might
// not be able to run the migration
export const 
const Task: co.DiscriminatedUnion<[co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>, co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>]>
Task = import coco.
discriminatedUnion<[co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>, co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<...>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>]>(discriminator: string, schemas: [...]): co.DiscriminatedUnion<...>
export discriminatedUnion
discriminatedUnion("version", [
  
const TaskV1: co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
TaskV1,
  
const TaskV2: co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
TaskV2,
]);
export type 
type Task = ({
    readonly version: 1;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap) | ({
    readonly version: 2;
    readonly done: boolean;
    readonly text: string;
    readonly priority: "low" | "medium" | "high";
} & CoMap)
Task = import coco.
type loaded<T extends CoValueClassOrSchema, R extends ResolveQuery<T> = true> = R extends boolean | undefined ? NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>> : [NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>>] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? R extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean ...
export loaded
loaded<typeof 
const Task: co.DiscriminatedUnion<[co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<1>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>, co.Map<{
    version: z.z.ZodLiteral<2>;
    done: z.z.ZodBoolean;
    text: z.z.ZodString;
    priority: z.z.ZodEnum<{
        low: "low";
        medium: "medium";
        high: "high";
    }>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>]>
Task>;

Best Practices

Structuring Data

  • Use struct-like CoMaps for entities with fixed, known properties
  • Use record-like CoMaps for dynamic key-value collections
  • Group related properties into nested CoMaps for better organization

Common Patterns

Helper methods

You should define helper methods of CoValue schemas separately, in standalone functions:

import { import coco, import zz } from "jazz-tools";

const 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project = import coco.
map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
}>(shape: {
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
}): co.Map<...>
export map
map({
  name: z.z.ZodStringname: import zz.
function string(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodStringParams): z.z.ZodString (+1 overload)
export string
string(),
  startDate: z.z.ZodDatestartDate: import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date(),
  endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>endDate: import zz.
optional<z.z.ZodDate>(innerType: z.z.ZodDate): z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>
export optional
optional(import zz.
function date(params?: string | z.z.core.$ZodDateParams): z.z.ZodDate
export date
date()),
});
type 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project = import coco.
type loaded<T extends CoValueClassOrSchema, R extends ResolveQuery<T> = true> = R extends boolean | undefined ? NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>> : [NonNullable<InstanceOfSchemaCoValuesNullable<T>>] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? R extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean | undefined ? CoValue & Exclude<...> : [...] extends [...] ? Exclude<...> extends CoValue ? ItemDepth extends {
    ...;
} ? readonly ((CoValue & ... 1 more ... & (ItemDepth extends boolean ...
export loaded
loaded<typeof 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project>;

export function function isProjectActive(project: Project): booleanisProjectActive(
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project: 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project) {
  const const now: Datenow = new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new () => Date (+4 overloads)
Date();
  return const now: Datenow >= 
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.startDate: DatestartDate && (!
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.endDate: Date | undefinedendDate || const now: Datenow <= 
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.endDate: DateendDate);
}

export function function formatProjectDuration(project: Project, format: "short" | "full"): stringformatProjectDuration(
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project: 
type Project = {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
Project, format: "short" | "full"format: "short" | "full") {
  const const start: stringstart = 
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.startDate: DatestartDate.Date.toLocaleDateString(locales?: Intl.LocalesArgument, options?: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions): string (+2 overloads)
Converts a date to a string by using the current or specified locale.
@paramlocales A locale string, array of locale strings, Intl.Locale object, or array of Intl.Locale objects that contain one or more language or locale tags. If you include more than one locale string, list them in descending order of priority so that the first entry is the preferred locale. If you omit this parameter, the default locale of the JavaScript runtime is used.@paramoptions An object that contains one or more properties that specify comparison options.
toLocaleDateString();
  if (!
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.endDate: Date | undefinedendDate) {
    return format: "short" | "full"format === "full"
        ? `Started on ${const start: stringstart}, ongoing`
        : `From ${const start: stringstart}`;
  }

  const const end: stringend = 
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.endDate: DateendDate.Date.toLocaleDateString(locales?: Intl.LocalesArgument, options?: Intl.DateTimeFormatOptions): string (+2 overloads)
Converts a date to a string by using the current or specified locale.
@paramlocales A locale string, array of locale strings, Intl.Locale object, or array of Intl.Locale objects that contain one or more language or locale tags. If you include more than one locale string, list them in descending order of priority so that the first entry is the preferred locale. If you omit this parameter, the default locale of the JavaScript runtime is used.@paramoptions An object that contains one or more properties that specify comparison options.
toLocaleDateString();
  return format: "short" | "full"format === "full"
    ? `From ${const start: stringstart} to ${const end: stringend}`
    : `${(
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.endDate: DateendDate.Date.getTime(): number
Returns the stored time value in milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970 UTC.
getTime() - 
project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.startDate: DatestartDate.Date.getTime(): number
Returns the stored time value in milliseconds since midnight, January 1, 1970 UTC.
getTime()) / 86400000} days`;
}

const 
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project = 
const Project: co.Map<{
    name: z.z.ZodString;
    startDate: z.z.ZodDate;
    endDate: z.ZodOptional<z.z.ZodDate>;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Project.
CoMapSchema<{ name: ZodString; startDate: ZodDate; endDate: ZodOptional<ZodDate>; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    name: string;
    startDate: Date;
    endDate?: Date | undefined;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    ...;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  name: stringname: "My project",
  startDate: DatestartDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-04-01"),
  endDate?: Date | undefinedendDate: new 
var Date: DateConstructor
new (value: number | string | Date) => Date (+4 overloads)
Date("2025-04-04"),
});

var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(function isProjectActive(project: Project): booleanisProjectActive(
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project)); // false
var console: Console
The `console` module provides a simple debugging console that is similar to the
JavaScript console mechanism provided by web browsers.

The module exports two specific components:

* A `Console` class with methods such as `console.log()`, `console.error()` and `console.warn()` that can be used to write to any Node.js stream.
* A global `console` instance configured to write to [`process.stdout`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstdout) and
[`process.stderr`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#processstderr). The global `console` can be used without importing the `node:console` module.

_**Warning**_: The global console object's methods are neither consistently
synchronous like the browser APIs they resemble, nor are they consistently
asynchronous like all other Node.js streams. See the [`note on process I/O`](https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/process.html#a-note-on-process-io) for
more information.

Example using the global `console`:

```js
console.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to stdout
console.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints error message and stack trace to stderr:
//   Error: Whoops, something bad happened
//     at [eval]:5:15
//     at Script.runInThisContext (node:vm:132:18)
//     at Object.runInThisContext (node:vm:309:38)
//     at node:internal/process/execution:77:19
//     at [eval]-wrapper:6:22
//     at evalScript (node:internal/process/execution:76:60)
//     at node:internal/main/eval_string:23:3

const name = 'Will Robinson';
console.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to stderr
```

Example using the `Console` class:

```js
const out = getStreamSomehow();
const err = getStreamSomehow();
const myConsole = new console.Console(out, err);

myConsole.log('hello world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.log('hello %s', 'world');
// Prints: hello world, to out
myConsole.error(new Error('Whoops, something bad happened'));
// Prints: [Error: Whoops, something bad happened], to err

const name = 'Will Robinson';
myConsole.warn(`Danger ${name}! Danger!`);
// Prints: Danger Will Robinson! Danger!, to err
```
@see[source](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v20.11.1/lib/console.js)
console.Console.log(message?: any, ...optionalParams: any[]): void (+2 overloads)
[MDN Reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/API/console/log_static)
log(function formatProjectDuration(project: Project, format: "short" | "full"): stringformatProjectDuration(
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project, "short")); // "3 days"

Uniqueness

CoMaps are typically created with a CoValue ID that acts as an opaque UUID, by which you can then load them. However, there are situations where it is preferable to load CoMaps using a custom identifier:

  • The CoMaps have user-generated identifiers, such as a slug
  • The CoMaps have identifiers referring to equivalent data in an external system
  • The CoMaps have human-readable & application-specific identifiers
    • If an application has CoValues used by every user, referring to it by a unique well-known name (eg, "my-global-comap") can be more convenient than using a CoValue ID

Consider a scenario where one wants to identify a CoMap using some unique identifier that isn't the Jazz CoValue ID:

// This will not work as `learning-jazz` is not a CoValue ID
const 
const myTask: ({
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap) | null
myTask = await 
const Task: co.Map<{
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Task.
CoMapSchema<{ text: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>.load<true>(id: string, options?: {
    resolve?: RefsToResolve<{
        readonly text: string;
    } & CoMap, 10, []> | undefined;
    loadAs?: Account | AnonymousJazzAgent;
    skipRetry?: boolean;
    unstable_branch?: BranchDefinition;
} | undefined): Promise<...>
load("learning-jazz");

To make it possible to use human-readable identifiers Jazz lets you to define a unique property on CoMaps.

Then the CoValue ID is deterministically derived from the unique property and the owner of the CoMap.

// Given the project owner, myTask will have always the same id
const 
const learnJazzTask: {
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap
learnJazzTask = await 
const Task: co.Map<{
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Task.
CoMapSchema<{ text: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>.create(init: {
    text: string;
}, options?: {
    owner?: Group;
    unique?: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
} | Group): {
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap (+1 overload)
create({
  text: stringtext: "Let's learn some Jazz!",
}, {
  unique?: JsonValue | undefinedunique: "learning-jazz",
  owner?: Group | undefinedowner: 
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly endDate: Date | undefined; } & CoMap>.owner: Groupowner, // Different owner, different id
});

Now you can use CoMap.loadUnique to easily load the CoMap using the human-readable identifier:

const 
const learnJazzTask: ({
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap) | null
learnJazzTask = await 
const Task: co.Map<{
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Task.
CoMapSchema<{ text: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>.loadUnique<true>(unique: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"], ownerID: string, options?: {
    resolve?: RefsToResolve<{
        readonly text: string;
    } & CoMap, 10, []> | undefined;
    loadAs?: Account | AnonymousJazzAgent;
} | undefined): Promise<...>
loadUnique(
  "learning-jazz",
  
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly endDate: Date | undefined; } & CoMap>.owner: Groupowner.Group.$jazz: GroupJazzApi<Group>$jazz.GroupJazzApi<Group>.id: string
The ID of this `Group`
@categoryContent
id
);

It's also possible to combine the create+load operation using CoMap.upsertUnique:

const 
const learnJazzTask: ({
    readonly text: string;
} & CoMap) | null
learnJazzTask = await 
const Task: co.Map<{
    text: z.z.ZodString;
}, unknown, Account | Group>
Task.
CoMapSchema<{ text: ZodString; }, unknown, Account | Group>.upsertUnique: <true>(options: {
    value: {
        text: string;
    };
    unique: CoValueUniqueness["uniqueness"];
    owner: Account | Group;
    resolve?: RefsToResolve<{
        readonly text: string;
    } & CoMap, 10, []> | undefined;
}) => Promise<...>
upsertUnique(
  {
    
value: {
    text: string;
}
value: {
      text: stringtext: "Let's learn some Jazz!",
    },
    unique: JsonValueunique: "learning-jazz",
    owner: Account | Groupowner: 
const project: {
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap
project.
CoMap.$jazz: CoMapJazzApi<{
    readonly name: string;
    readonly startDate: Date;
    readonly endDate: Date | undefined;
} & CoMap>
Jazz methods for CoMaps are inside this property.

This allows CoMaps to be used as plain objects while still having
access to Jazz methods, and also doesn't limit which key names can be
used inside CoMaps.
$jazz.CoMapJazzApi<{ readonly name: string; readonly startDate: Date; readonly endDate: Date | undefined; } & CoMap>.owner: Groupowner,
  }
);

Caveats:

  • The unique parameter acts as an immutable identifier - i.e. the same unique parameter in the same Group will always refer to the same CoValue.

    • To make dynamic renaming possible, you can create an indirection where a stable CoMap identified by a specific value of unique is simply a pointer to another CoMap with a normal, dynamic CoValue ID. This pointer can then be updated as desired by users with the corresponding permissions.

  • This way of introducing identifiers allows for very fast lookup of individual CoMaps by identifier, but it doesn't let you enumerate all the CoMaps identified this way within a Group. If you also need enumeration, consider using a global co.record() that maps from identifier to a CoMap, which you then do lookups in (this requires at least a shallow load of the entire co.record(), but this should be fast for up to 10s of 1000s of entries)

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